- battery is defective;
- contamination of the contacts of the power wires (starter and traction relay);
- faulty traction relay;
- starter defective.
Examination
1. Test the battery by turning on the high beam headlights.
2. With dim headlights, check and charge (or replace) battery.
3. With bright headlights, turn on the starter and if the headlights dim, the starter is faulty.
4. If the headlights continue to burn, but no click is heard, then the traction relay or its power circuit is faulty.
5. With a weak rotation of the starter and a good battery, either the starter is faulty, or the resistance of its power circuit has increased.
6. If you suspect a poor circuit condition, disconnect all wires and strip the contacts, including the engine ground bus, install the wires in place.
7. If the battery and wires are in a satisfactory condition, then check whether the voltage is applied to the traction relay.
8. To do this, disconnect the wire from the flat contact of the relay and connect it to ground through a lamp or voltmeter.
9. Turn the ignition key.
10. If voltage is applied to the relay, then the circuit is OK, otherwise check the wires (see subsection 14.2.1).
11. Check the starter power contacts on the traction relay by connecting a lamp or a voltmeter to them.
12. If the lamp does not light when the starter is turned on (or no voltage), then the traction relay should be replaced.
13. If the circuit and relay are OK, then the starter is recommended to be replaced.